{"id":11884,"date":"2022-11-15T17:31:57","date_gmt":"2022-11-15T16:31:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/?p=11884"},"modified":"2024-09-19T09:23:59","modified_gmt":"2024-09-19T07:23:59","slug":"ischnura-heterosticta-cannibalisme","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/2022\/11\/15\/ischnura-heterosticta-cannibalisme\/","title":{"rendered":"Ischnura heterosticta : cannibalisme\/pr\u00e9dation intrasp\u00e9cifique"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Ischnura heterosticta cannibalisme : J’ai publi\u00e9 une \u00e9tude beaucoup plus compl\u00e8te sur le cannibalisme entre zygopt\u00e8res (demoiselles) sur cette page<\/a>.

Il est commun de voir une libellule faire son repas d’un odonate d’un autre genre ou d’une autre esp\u00e8ce, en particulier un anisopt\u00e8re mangeant un zygopt\u00e8re, voire un anisopt\u00e8re en mangeant un autre. La pr\u00e9dation entre zygopt\u00e8res est moins fr\u00e9quente et il est beaucoup plus rare qu’un zygopt\u00e8re mange un cong\u00e9n\u00e8re de sa propre esp\u00e8ce, ce qu’on appelle proprement cannibalisme. C’est un comportement que je n’avais observ\u00e9 qu’une seule fois auparavant, en Namibie, entre Ischnura senegalensis<\/a> (premier cas report\u00e9 pour cette esp\u00e8ce) ; les Ischnura sont tr\u00e8s agressifs et des exemples ont \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9s avec I. graelsii, I. verticalis, I. ramburii et I. elegans (ils sont aussi localement tr\u00e8s abondants). C’est de tr\u00e8s loin le genre le mieux repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans la pr\u00e9dation intrasp\u00e9cifique.
\u00c2mes sensibles s’abstenir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Ischnura<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Common<\/a><\/figure>\n
Ischnura heterosticta, cannibalisme entre femelles, Australie (WA), Lily Creek Lagoon, Kununurra, 22\/04\/2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Il s’agit ici non seulement de la m\u00eame esp\u00e8ce, mais de deux femelles. La pr\u00e9datrice est verte, en train de devenir jaune-terne, sans doute mature, et je pense que la proie, plus claire, est plus jeune, m\u00eame si je n’ai pas de photo qui permette de bien la d\u00e9tailler. Cependant, les nervures de ses ailes sont bien d\u00e9finies et ce ne semble pas \u00eatre un sujet \u00e9mergent ou t\u00e9n\u00e9ral.
L’\u0153il de la femelle pr\u00e9dat\u00e9e est tr\u00e8s abim\u00e9 ; je ne sais pas comment s’est d\u00e9roul\u00e9e la capture, et si c’est le m\u00e2le qui la d\u00e9vore qui lui a ainsi \u00e9cras\u00e9 l’\u0153il ; c’est possible, car la plupart du temps les odonates pr\u00e9dateurs commencent par manger la t\u00eate et les yeux.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Ischnura<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Common<\/a><\/figure>\n
Ischnura heterosticta, cannibalisme entre femelle, Australie (WA), Lily Creek Lagoon, Kununurra, 22\/04\/2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Sur les 2 photos ci-dessus, on constate que la cuticule du thorax ne r\u00e9siste pas longtemps aux mandibules de l’agresseur ; en 1 minute et 17 s, \u00e9cart entre la photo 1 et la photo 4, les muscles thoraciques sont accessibles…

J’ai d\u00fb m’approcher trop pr\u00e8s et la pr\u00e9datrice s’est bri\u00e8vement envol\u00e9e pour se repositionner en s\u00e9curit\u00e9.
Il s’est \u00e9coul\u00e9 1 minute et 20 s entre les photos 4 et 5, et la t\u00eate s’est d\u00e9tach\u00e9e.
Sur la 6\u00b0, 1 minute 50 s plus tard, le thorax est d\u00e9j\u00e0 bien entam\u00e9. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
\"Ischnura<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"Common<\/a><\/figure>\n
Ischnura heterosticta, cannibalisme entre femelle, Australie (WA), Lily Creek Lagoon, Kununurra, 22\/04\/2022<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Il y a peu de cas document\u00e9s de cannibalisme entre imagos de zygopt\u00e8res et c’est la premi\u00e8re fois qu’un cas de cannibalisme est report\u00e9 et document\u00e9 pour Ischnura heterosticta. La derni\u00e8re publication scientifique en date sur la pr\u00e9dation intrasp\u00e9cifique, \u00e0 ma connaissance, qui remonte \u00e0 d\u00e9cembre 2020, relate un cas en Inde entre une femelle et un m\u00e2le Ceriagrion coromandelianum (1), en 2015. Dans ce document Arajush PAYRA, fait une rapide revue des esp\u00e8ces connues pour un ou des cas de cannibalisme. Dans son observation, il n’y avait, \u00e0 cette date, que 13 cas r\u00e9pertori\u00e9s dans le monde.
Et m\u00eame si le ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne est connu depuis des dizaines d’ann\u00e9es, il n’y a que des hypoth\u00e8ses pour tenter d’expliquer ce comportement, et encore faut-il relativiser notre compr\u00e9hension de cette pr\u00e9dation. Les auteurs s’accordent \u00e0 penser que la reconnaissance intrasp\u00e9cifique, la communication au sein d’une m\u00eame esp\u00e8ce n’a pas fonctionn\u00e9 ! Dans les cas de cannibalisme, il a \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9 que la proie est souvent tr\u00e8s jeune, \u00e9mergente ou t\u00e9n\u00e9rale, et ne serait pas capable d’\u00e9mettre les signaux d’alertes conventionnels (mouvements de l’abdomen par exemple), ou bien que l’agresseur ne serait pas capable de les appr\u00e9cier…

Mais est-ce que cette hypoth\u00e8se explique tous les cas de cannibalisme, car il est certainement plus \u00e9conomique pour un pr\u00e9dateur d’attraper un tout jeune odonate qui n’est capable que de courts vols lents qu’un autre adulte qui saura, de plus, se d\u00e9fendre vigoureusement, ou un autre insecte qui se m\u00e9fiera d’embl\u00e9e d’une famille agressive. Et cette notion d’immaturit\u00e9 aurait toute son importance si le pr\u00e9dateur ne reconnait pas sa proie comme un partenaire \u00e9ventuel ; dans le monde des odonates, tout ce qui n’est pas un \u00e9ventuel partenaire de reproduction est un adversaire, leur comportement le montre sans cesse.

Si des lecteurs ont observ\u00e9 et document\u00e9 des cas de cannibalisme entre zygopt\u00e8res, j’en prendrai connaissance avec plaisir, car il est certain que de nombreux exemples ne sont pas rapport\u00e9s et restent inaccessibles \u00e0 la recherche internationale. Dans la mesure de mes moyens et de mes connaissances, je cherche \u00e0 faire avancer la connaissance sur ce sujet et je publierai sur mon site une liste mise \u00e0 jour bient\u00f4t, je l’esp\u00e8re.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

-1- A record of cannibalism in Ceriagrion coromandelianum Fabricius<\/a> (Zygoptera: Coengrionidae)
www.biotaxa.org\/RSEA. ISSN 1851-7471 (online) Revista de la Sociedad Entomol\u00f3gica Argentina 79(4): 44-46, 2020
PAYRA Arajush, Ramnagar, Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India. E-mail: arapayra@gmail.com.
<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
Retour<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Suite<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Accueil Australie<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ischnura heterosticta cannibalisme : J’ai publi\u00e9 une \u00e9tude beaucoup plus compl\u00e8te sur le cannibalisme entre zygopt\u00e8res (demoiselles) sur cette page. Il est commun de voir une libellule faire son repas d’un odonate d’un autre genre ou d’une autre esp\u00e8ce, en particulier un anisopt\u00e8re mangeant un zygopt\u00e8re, voire un anisopt\u00e8re en mangeant un autre. La pr\u00e9dation […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[684,1390,689],"tags":[687,720,692],"class_list":["post-11884","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-australie-nt","category-cannibalisme","category-coenagrionidae-australie-nt","tag-australie","tag-cannibalisme","tag-coenagrionidae-australie","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\nIschnura heterosticta cannibalisme - 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