{"id":28187,"date":"2026-02-12T09:23:02","date_gmt":"2026-02-12T08:23:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/2026\/02\/12\/ghana-agriocnemis-victoria-fraser-1938\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T19:45:01","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T18:45:01","slug":"ghana-agriocnemis-victoria-fraser-1938","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/2026\/02\/12\/ghana-agriocnemis-victoria-fraser-1938\/","title":{"rendered":"Ghana &#8211; Agriocnemis victoria Fraser, 1938"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-1.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1406\" height=\"1204\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-1.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria male, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19\" class=\"wp-image-28155 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1406px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1406\/1204;aspect-ratio:1.1677895412255375;width:558px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-1.webp 1406w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-1-768x658.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1406px) 100vw, 1406px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Agriocnemis victoria male, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Agriocnemis victoria male (Coenagrionidae) does not appear in the reference lists for Ghana, neither in the Neill and Paulson list (2001) nor the Dijkstra list (2013). Its presence was nonetheless mentioned in Pinhey (1974), not in the text where he reports the species\u2019 distribution, but in a table under the note: \u00ab\u00a0Ghana to S. Leone\u00a0\u00bb. However, as it was probably only assumed, it was not taken up later for lack of evidence. It is therefore a new species for Ghana! <br>All the photos were taken at the same pond, in roughly 4 m\u00b2, where young and adult males, and females, were trying to evade us.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:36% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-2.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"806\" height=\"1204\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-2.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria m\u00e2le, Ghana, Jomoro, 19\/01\/2026\" class=\"wp-image-28156 size-full lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-2.webp 806w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-2-768x1147.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 806px) 100vw, 806px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 806px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 806\/1204;\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>I therefore wanted to confirm this identification using the anal appendages, which are illustrated in various documents. And the least one can say is that they vary depending on the authors and geography. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-dessins-appendices-anaux-1.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"921\" height=\"432\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-dessins-appendices-anaux-1.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28164 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-dessins-appendices-anaux-1.webp 921w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-dessins-appendices-anaux-1-768x360.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 921px) 100vw, 921px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 921px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 921\/432;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Below, I show the anal appendages of two specimens: one young individual that I find consistent, and another mature one that is clearly less so.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-appendices-anaux-males.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"730\" height=\"604\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-appendices-anaux-males.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-28163 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 730px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 730\/604;aspect-ratio:1.2086596038691848;width:434px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Regardless of the shape of the appendages, which are therefore variable, what also surprised me was this red <em>wedge<\/em> with an anterior point on S8. In the specimens I had encountered <a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/2020\/05\/02\/namibie-agriocnemis-victoria-fraser-1928\/\">in Namibia <\/a>and those I find online, on iNaturalist or observation.org, it is a black wedge with a distal point that decorates S8.<br>As the rest of the individual\u2014the black and green patterns on the abdomen and thorax, with the pronotum in agreement\u2014I nonetheless think this is Agriocnemis victoria. Besides, the shape of the superior appendages is truly distinctive, and only those of <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190825154806\/http:\/\/addo.adu.org.za\/index.php?taxon_id=24200\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">A. forcipata<\/a> (not known from Ghana, and occurring closest in Gabon or Cameroon) are similar; but in that species they are very strongly curved downward.   <br><br>At present the species is known west of Ghana: in Liberia, and presumed in C\u00f4te d&rsquo;Ivoire. And east of Ghana, in Nigeria. Its presence was not proven in Ghana, Togo, or Benin. Finding it in Ghana is therefore not incongruous.<br>From Zambia and Senegal, its range extends to Cameroon, skipping the three countries cited, then south to Angola, and reaches Uganda and Tanzania to the east.    <br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iucnredlist.org\/species\/59807\/75339751#geographic-range\">IUCN Red List<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-4.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1923\" height=\"1204\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-4.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria male, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19\" class=\"wp-image-28158 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1923px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1923\/1204;aspect-ratio:1.5971917507678806;width:572px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-4.webp 1923w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-4-768x481.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-4-1536x962.webp 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1923px) 100vw, 1923px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Agriocnemis victoria male, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Fortunately, the appendages of this young male Agriocnemis victoria are fully consistent, and its coloration recalls that of the females of the species.<br>These forceps-like appendages and its small size gave it the English common name <em>Lesser Pincer-Tail Wisp<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:34px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-5.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1014\" height=\"1204\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-5.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria m\u00e2le, Ghana, Jomoro, 19\/01\/2026\" class=\"wp-image-28159 size-full lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-5.webp 1014w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-male-jeune-5-768x912.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1014px) 100vw, 1014px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1014px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1014\/1204;\" \/><\/a><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p>I had therefore already encountered it in Namibia, and on the page devoted to this species I noted that Fraser, in his original description of the species, gives an abdomen length of 16 mm; it would measure barely more than 20 mm in total! Agriocemis forcipata is somewhat larger. <br><br>It is a species of open habitats, sometimes in forest, sometimes at temporary ponds. We observed it at a large pond on the forest edge, but as with all the Agriocnemis I know, it stays along the margin, where the water is shallow (unless you flush it!), among emergent grasses.<br>Unfortunately I did not take any photos of this pond; I forgot, distracted by its exceptional richness in odonates: we recorded 3 new species for Ghana from this single body of water. <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:36px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Below are the two female forms described by Fraser: andromorph on the left, very close to immature males, and heteromorph on the right, blood-red, as he describes it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-1 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\" style=\"margin-top:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80);margin-bottom:var(--wp--preset--spacing--80)\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2145\" height=\"1204\" data-id=\"28154\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria female, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19\" class=\"wp-image-28154 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3.webp 2145w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3-768x431.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3-1536x862.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-3-2048x1150.webp 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2145px) 100vw, 2145px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2145px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2145\/1204;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-1-1.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1176\" height=\"1204\" data-id=\"28152\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-1-1.webp\" alt=\"Agriocnemis victoria female, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19\" class=\"wp-image-28152 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-1-1.webp 1176w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-1-1-768x786.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1176px) 100vw, 1176px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1176px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1176\/1204;\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<figcaption class=\"blocks-gallery-caption wp-element-caption\">Agriocnemis victoria female, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Etymology<\/strong><br><strong>Agriocnemis<\/strong>, from the Greek Agrios- (wild), for <em>living in fields<\/em>, and<em> knemis<\/em>, meaning <em>greave<\/em> or <em>legging<\/em>, as with our European Platycnemis. Selys believed the genera to be closely related on the basis of the tibiae, which I do not observe at all. Those of Agriocnemis do not seem any broader to me than those of other Coenagrion. But \u201ccnemis\u201d in many compound genus names should rather be understood as \u201cbelonging to the Coenagrionidae\u201d (see Endersby &amp; Fliedner 2015).   <br><strong>Victoria<\/strong> is a reference to the type locality, Lake Victoria. Fraser writes: \u00ab\u00a0<em>Distribution.\u2014Two males and two females, collected by Dr. G. Hale Carpenter on the north-west shores of Lake Victoria, Uganda, July\u2014September, 1927<\/em>.\u00a0\u00bb <\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:11px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter is-resized\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-2.webp\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1953\" height=\"1204\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-2.webp\" alt=\"Lesser Pincer-Tail Wisp female, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19\" class=\"wp-image-28153 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1953px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1953\/1204;aspect-ratio:1.6221033868092691;width:527px;height:auto\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-2.webp 1953w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-2-768x473.webp 768w, https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/Agriocnemis-victoria-femelle-2-1536x947.webp 1536w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1953px) 100vw, 1953px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Agriocnemis victoria female, Ghana, Jomoro, 2026-01-19<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:83px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:13px\"><strong>Dijkstra, 2013<\/strong> \u2013 A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, Eastern Ghana:137-142. 2013 \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/bioone.org\/ebooks\/RAP-Bulletin-of-Biological-Assessment\/a-rapid-biological-assessment-of-the-atewa-range-forest-reserve\/22\/Checklist-of-Odonata-Recorded-from-Ghana\/10.1896\/054.047.0122?tab=ArticleFirstPage\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Checklist of Odonata Recorded from Ghana<\/a> \u2013 Conservation International. <br><strong>Dijkstra, K.-D.B (editor ADDO), 2019<\/strong> &#8211; African Dragonflies and Damselflies (ADDO) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190825161955\/http:\/\/addo.adu.org.za\/index.php?taxon_id=25200\">Agriocnemis victoria<\/a> &#8211; [The link may not work; <em>web.archive<\/em> link from the ADDO site, now offline.]<br><strong>Fraser 1928<\/strong> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20190825161955\/http:\/\/addo.adu.org.za\/pdf\/Fraser_1928.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>Odonata of the African continent<\/em><\/a>\u2013 Transactions of the Entomological Society of London. [The link may not work; <em>web.archive<\/em> link from the ADDO site, now offline.]<strong><br>Ian Endersby &amp; Heinrich Fliedner<\/strong>, <strong>2015<\/strong> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/283318421_The_Naming_of_Australia's_Dragonflies#fullTextFileContent\">The Naming of Australia\u2019s Dragonflies<\/a>, Ian Endersby &amp; Heinrich Fliedner, Busybird Publishing. <br><strong>Neill and Paulson, 2001<\/strong> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.researchgate.net\/publication\/267394280_An_annotated_list_of_Odonata_collected_in_Ghana_in_1997_a_checklist_of_Ghana_Odonata_and_comments_on_West_African_odonate_biodiversity_and_biogeography\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">An annotated list of Odonata collected in Ghana in 1997, a checklist of Ghana Odonata, and comments on West African Odonate Biodiverity and Biogeography<\/a> \u2013 March 2001 \u2013 Odonatologica 30(1):67-86<br><strong>Pinhey, 1974<\/strong> \u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221218124823\/http:\/\/addo.adu.org.za\/pdf\/Pinhey_1974_Agriocnemis.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><em>A Revision of the African Agriocnemis Selys and Mortonagrion Fraser (Odonata : Coenagrionidae)<\/em><\/a>\u2013 Occasional Papers of the National Museums and Monuments of Rhodesia. [The link may not work; <em>web.archive<\/em> link from the ADDO site, now offline.] <br><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:28px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-vertical is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-fe9cc265 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/libellules-du-ghana-odonates-of-ghana\/\">Accueil Ghana<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"http:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/pagesweb\/divers\/liste-generale-odonates-du-site\/africa-odonates.php\">Liste africaine<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/\">Accueil<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Agriocnemis victoria male (Coenagrionidae) does not appear in the reference lists for Ghana, neither in the Neill and Paulson list (2001) nor the Dijkstra list (2013). Its presence was nonetheless mentioned in Pinhey (1974), not in the text where he reports the species\u2019 distribution, but in a table under the note: \u00ab\u00a0Ghana to S. Leone\u00a0\u00bb. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[38785,38784],"tags":[38786],"class_list":["post-28187","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-coenagrionidae","category-ghana","tag-coenagrionidae-ghana","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - 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