{"id":30378,"date":"2026-08-09T09:46:05","date_gmt":"2026-08-09T07:46:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/?p=30378"},"modified":"2026-08-09T09:48:10","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T07:48:10","slug":"orthetrum-africanum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.meslibellules.fr\/blog\/2026\/08\/09\/orthetrum-africanum\/","title":{"rendered":"Ghana - Orthetrum africanum \u00a0Selys, 1887"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

C'est sur une mare tr\u00e8s riche que nous avons rencontr\u00e9 Orthetrum africanum, de tr\u00e8s loin, et le seul du voyage pour moi (jusqu'\u00e0 preuve du contraire). Une mare extraordinaire puisque nous y avons observ\u00e9 trois esp\u00e8ces mentionn\u00e9es pour la premi\u00e8re fois au Ghana, comme Agriocnemis victoria<\/a><\/em>, Trithemis aenea<\/a><\/em>, et le tr\u00e8s rare Urothemis venata<\/a><\/em>.

Orthetrum africanum<\/em> est un des 36 Orthetrum<\/em> africains, un des 15 du Ghana.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Orthetrum<\/a>
Orthetrum africanum m\u00e2le, Ghana, Jomoro, 19\/01\/2026<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Bien que Selys, qui l'a d\u00e9crit, l'ait consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme une vari\u00e9t\u00e9 ou une race<\/em> de Lepthemis sabina<\/em> (\"notre\" Orthetrum sabina<\/em> qui ne s'aventure en fait pas au-del\u00e0 du Tchad, du Soudan et de l'\u00c9thiopie<\/a>) car il constatait peu de diff\u00e9rences avec cette esp\u00e8ce, l'identification ne pose pas de probl\u00e8me.
Son abdomen est extr\u00eamement fin (non dilat\u00e9 \u00e0 son extr\u00e9mit\u00e9), et plus long de 2 ou 3 millim\u00e8tres que ses ailes. On pourrait le confondre avec O. angustiventre (que je n'ai jamais vu) ou O. trinacria<\/a> ; mais aucun des deux ne pr\u00e9sente ce spectaculaire r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de l'abdomen au niveau du S3 (Longfield, 1955).
Le plus proche pour Longfield (1955) est O. sagitta<\/em>, tr\u00e8s rare dont on ne trouve de photo que sur observation.org<\/a> mais qui est absent du Ghana.
Pour Dijkstra, sur ADDO, on peut le confondre aussi avec O. saegeri (que je n'ai jamais vu) ou avec O. julia<\/a>. Les principales diff\u00e9rences sont le r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement de l'abdomen en S3, r\u00e9tr\u00e9cissement par rapport au S2-S3 bulbeux et m\u00eame par rapport aux segments suivants, et le labrum<\/em> noir (\"l\u00e8vre\" sup\u00e9rieure).
Les deux bandes thoraciques claires restent pr\u00e9sentes malgr\u00e9 le vieillissement et le thorax ne semble pas devenir pruineux.

Selon D' Andrea & Carfi (1997), la longueur de son abdomen atteint 38 mm, 28 \u00e0 30,5 mm pour Schmidt (1951), ce qui repr\u00e9sente une \u00e9tonnante variation et j'aurais plut\u00f4t tendance \u00e0 croire les premiers auteurs.
Nous l'avons observ\u00e9 sur un \u00e9tang ferm\u00e9 sur 3 c\u00f4t\u00e9s par la for\u00eat, dans une zone o\u00f9 \u00e9mergeaient de longues tiges s\u00e8ches.
l'ADDO pr\u00e9cise \"eaux stagnantes et souvent temporaires, principalement dans les zones ouvertes en for\u00eat<\/em>\".

Sa distribution couvre toute l'Afrique de l'Ouest et s'\u00e9tend du S\u00e9n\u00e9gal \u00e0 l'est de l'Ouganda. Plus au sud, il atteint l'extr\u00eame nord de la R\u00e9publique d\u00e9mocratique du Congo et de l'Angola.
IUCN Red List<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c9tymologie Orthetrum africanum<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nomm\u00e9 Lepthemis africana<\/em> par Selys, Kirby (1889) fait passer ce complexe dans le genre Orthetrum<\/em> qu'il clarifie. C'est Ris en 1909 qui \u00e9tablit clairement une esp\u00e8ce distincte des sujets asiatiques et du nord-est de l'Afrique et installe la combinaison Orthetrum africanum<\/em>.
Orthetrum<\/em>\u00a0<\/strong>(voir Endersby & Fliedner, 2015) vient de deux mots grecs,\u00a0orthos<\/em>\u00a0signifiant\u00a0droit<\/em>\u00a0et\u00a0etron<\/em>\u00a0pour\u00a0abdomen<\/em>, ceci pour signifier que les c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l\u2019abdomen sont parall\u00e8les. Ce nom de genre (neutre) cr\u00e9\u00e9 par Newman en 1833 a perdu sa pertinence avec la d\u00e9couverte de nouvelles esp\u00e8ces (dont les c\u00f4t\u00e9s de l'abdomen ne sont pas parall\u00e8les), mais le nom est rest\u00e9.
Africanum<\/strong> insiste sur l'origine africaine, camerounaise exactement, de l'esp\u00e8ce que d\u00e9tenait Selys, qui \u00e9crit :\"Je poss\u00e8de des exemplaires de la c\u00f4te occidentale d\u2019Afrique<\/em> (Camaroons<\/em>).\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n

D' Andrea, M., & Carfi, S. (1997)<\/strong>. Nuove raccolte di odonati del Camerun con note su Agriocnemis maclachlani Selys, 1877 edescrizione di Agriocnemis dissimilis sp. nov. e Trithemis osvaldae sp. nov<\/a>. Atti Societa italiana Scienze naturali, 136, 157-190.
Endersby Ian & Fliedner Heinrich (2015)<\/strong>.\u00a0The Naming of Australia\u2019s Dragonflies<\/a>. Busybird publishing.
Schmidt, E. (1951)<\/strong>. Libellen aus Portugiesisch Guinea, mit Bemerkungen \u00fcber andere aethiopische Odonaten<\/a>. Arquivos Museu Bocage, 20, 125-200.\u00a0
Selys (1887)<\/strong>. Odonates de l'Asie Mineure et r\u00e9vision de ceux des autres parties de la faune dite europ\u00e9enne<\/a>. Premi\u00e8re partie. Odonates de l'Asie Mineure. Annales Soci\u00e9t\u00e9 entomologique de Belgique, 31, 1-49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/div>\n\n\n\n
\n
Accueil Ghana<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Liste africaine<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n
Accueil<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

C'est sur une mare tr\u00e8s riche que nous avons rencontr\u00e9 Orthetrum africanum, de tr\u00e8s loin, et le seul du voyage pour moi (jusqu'\u00e0 preuve du contraire). Une mare extraordinaire puisque nous y avons observ\u00e9 trois esp\u00e8ces mentionn\u00e9es pour la premi\u00e8re fois au Ghana, comme Agriocnemis victoria, Trithemis aenea, et le tr\u00e8s rare Urothemis venata. Orthetrum […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[38663,38664],"tags":[38793],"class_list":["post-30378","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","hentry","category-ghana","category-libellulidae-ghana-2","tag-libellulidae-ghana","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\nOrthetrum africanum - 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